EnviroAutomate
← All validation

Descriptive Statistics validation

Free descriptive statistics for environmental data: mean, median, percentiles, and 95% UCL with full non-detect handling (Kaplan-Meier, ROS, substitution).

Scenarios
33
Values agreeing
472
Values differing
0
Validated against
USEPA ProUCL, R EnvStats / nortest, R NADA

Open Descriptive Statistics

Every descriptive statistic and every UCL method is compared against USEPA ProUCL and R EnvStats. The two censored-data estimators are compared against their own references: Kaplan-Meier against ProUCL, robust ROS against NADA. The recommended UCL method is compared against the method ProUCL's interface reports, for both uncensored and censored data. ProUCL applies a separate decision tree to censored data: it fits the distribution to the detected results only, accepts a sample that passes either normality test, and recommends only Kaplan-Meier methods. Nine scenarios sit one result either side of each threshold in that tree.

Scenarios

Ten uncensored results from a roughly normal population

Typical use

Input

10 values

value
4.2
5.1
6.3
7.8
9.1
11.4
3.3
8.8
12.1
6.6

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n10100exact matchAgree
Mean mean7.477.4699999999999998.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd2.9295619695328742.92956196953287454.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median7.1999999999999997.1999999999999990within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min3.33.30within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max12.112.10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.392176970486328550.392176970486328661.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.24096538236747040.24096538236747151.11e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT9.1682120200927089.1682120200927071.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH10.2065309600389710.2063589051363550.000172within 0.02 relativeAgree

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n10100exact matchAgree
Mean mean7.4699999999999987.4699999999999998.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd2.92956196953287452.92956196953287450within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.24096538236747160.24096538236747158.33e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT9.1682120318635749.1682120200927071.18e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT9.1799774155328689.1799774037620031.18e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt8.9938069365467228.9938069356340669.13e-10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH10.20635890513635510.2063589051363550within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma9.641138037177469.6411396469581981.61e-6within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma10.08879184833723410.0887949975548143.15e-6within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9511.50812250103105911.5081225010310571.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97513.25542133297134813.2554213329713480within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9916.6876515447265616.687651544726560within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Three non-detects fitted by robust ROS

Special case

Input

10 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
1no
2.4no
0.5yes0.5
3.1no
0.5yes0.5
4.7no
0.5yes0.5
2.2no
5.9no
3.3no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = robustRos

Against R NADA (NADA 1.6.1.2, R 4.6.1)

ValueR NADAEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n10100exact matchAgree
Detected results nDetected770exact matchAgree
Non-detects nCensored330exact matchAgree
Mean mean2.4689674329955832.4689674329955830within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.8132866509687491.8132866509687490within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median2.32.30within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.477742834750447150.47774283475044731.67e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max5.95.90within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.7344311742373610.7344311742373610within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.57341158678400120.57341158678400120within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 3 ros.fitted.20.477742834750447150.47774283475044731.67e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 5 ros.fitted.40.69948013733486270.69948013733486281.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 7 ros.fitted.60.9124513578705210.91245135787052122.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Three non-detects handled by Kaplan-Meier

Special case

Input

10 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
1no
2.4no
0.5yes0.5
3.1no
0.5yes0.5
4.7no
0.5yes0.5
2.2no
5.9no
3.3no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n10100exact matchAgree
Mean mean2.40999999999999972.414.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.77957860180437161.77957860180437132.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.6078418105614870.6078418105614870within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev955.0595210258963155.0595210258963150within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT3.5242426916726263.5242426839494447.72e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Detected results below the reporting limit - Kaplan-Meier stops matching substitution

Boundary case

Input

12 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.3no
2.4no
1yes1
3.1no
1yes1
4.7no
1yes1
0.7no
5.9no
3.3no
1yes1
2no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n12120exact matchAgree
Mean mean2.03333333333333372.03333333333333370within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.80938909272961211.80938909272961232.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.56179041074805250.56179041074805261.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev954.4821209612342994.4821209612342990within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT3.0422442008353333.04224420328926562.45e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Detects that pass one normality test and both gamma tests

Boundary case

Input

45 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.034yes6.034
6.562no
7.324no
8.935no
10.559no
14.409no
16.007no
19.919no
24.231no
27.334no
29.945no
46.548no
48.718no
58.982no
149.359no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n45450exact matchAgree
Mean mean14.57524444444445414.5752444444444540within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd23.69986472080995223.6998647208099520within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError3.6663333715619083.66633337156190864.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9530.55642110441356330.5564211044135663.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT20.7355278059125520.7355276794507231.26e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Eight results, six of them non-detects, no distribution identified

Boundary case

Input

8 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
11.906yes11.906
11.906yes11.906
11.906yes11.906
11.906yes11.906
11.906yes11.906
11.906yes11.906
13.157no
14.673no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n880exact matchAgree
Mean mean12.4082512.408250within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd0.9488973535109050.94889735351090511.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.47444867675545250.47444867675545250within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9514.4763238358736114.4763238358736111.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT13.30713030312104213.3071303121941459.07e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Fifty results, where the approximate gamma limit takes over

Boundary case

Input

50 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.584yes0.584
0.584yes0.584
0.584yes0.584
0.584yes0.584
0.584yes0.584
0.612no
0.702no
0.746no
0.757no
0.881no
1.066no
1.093no
1.128no
1.146no
1.32no
1.36no
1.446no
1.521no
1.676no
1.736no
1.814no
1.917no
1.987no
2.517no
2.58no
2.604no
2.619no
2.699no
3.009no
3.337no
3.47no
3.84no
3.906no
4.712no
4.815no
5.231no
5.419no
5.573no
5.574no
6.831no
7.556no
7.716no
8.651no
9.12no
10.128no
11.673no
12.104no
15.721no
22.376no
37.741no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n50500exact matchAgree
Mean mean4.7470000000000024.74700000000000268.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd6.3979487681599976.3979487681599970within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.91503071975257160.91503071975257141.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev958.7355264376367458.7355264376367471.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodapproximateGammaapproximateGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma6.7476.7474511457530310.000451within 0.005 relativeAgree

Gamma data with a comfortable shape - the approximate gamma UCL

Boundary case

Input

60 values

value
10.5495
2.634
2.8427
11.067
3.9059
4.8471
2.6756
3.247
7.5206
0.8072
4.663
3.4504
3.3872
4.5914
6.3398
7.0968
5.8554
1.3913
3.858
8.644
3.0659
5.587
11.2053
1.7691
3.3279
12.6565
2.9073
9.6474
1.0388
5.6201
1.9476
15.6764
2.656
4.9371
14.2585
2.3175
4.6068
1.5909
1.738
4.9563
2.0597
6.6443
2.9905
4.4709
2.0886
7.2782
5.025
4.3931
4.7116
4.4932
6.909
3.8235
3.3961
3.5981
6.5676
10.7602
5.993
3.0522
5.7463
5.3074

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n60600exact matchAgree
Mean mean5.1698800000000015.1698800000000010within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd3.27000017414605853.27000017414605850within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.33812468998630221.3381246899863022.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT5.8753406046750275.8753406252497032.06e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT5.8874952379230395.8874952584977152.06e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt5.8642635241461295.8642635237302424.16e-10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH6.1650011524216916.1650011524216910within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma5.9127943482178085.9127943693761212.12e-8within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma5.932308126659955.9323081500527282.34e-8within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodapproximateGammaapproximateGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev957.01001188675608147.01001188675608140within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev9757.8062384240946667.80623842409466658.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev999.3702712769181589.370271276918161.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n60600exact matchAgree
Mean mean5.169885.1698800000000018.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd3.2700001741460583.27000017414605854.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median4.54234.54230within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.80720.80720within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max15.676415.67640within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.63250987917438270.63250987917438270within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.33812468998630261.3381246899863026.66e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT5.8753406252496595.8753406252497034.44e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH6.1485595795630496.1650011524216910.0164within 0.02 relativeAgree

Gamma data with a low shape - the adjusted gamma UCL

Boundary case

Input

25 values

value
0.0002
0.2199
0.7523
0.0287
1.8154
0.0155
0.2525
0.0933
1.788
0.2516
0.0347
0.2946
0.2196
0.0344
0.7148
0.6871
0.6397
0.0788
0.4578
0.0762
2.1604
0.0048
0.0082
0.0001
1.295

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n25250exact matchAgree
Mean mean0.4769440.476944000000000035.55e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd0.63418494744566960.63418494744566960within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.5952955158115211.5952955158115210within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT0.6939471243427540.69394713238661318.04e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT0.70069187369512230.70069188173898138.04e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt0.68557228231776170.68557228219280771.25e-10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH44.19860593369407644.198605933694077.11e-15within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma0.87847786242242930.87850428810451212.64e-5within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma0.9172326213205440.9172688502653713.62e-5within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodadjustedGammaadjustedGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev951.0298136194860651.0298136194860650within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev9751.26904074548251971.26904074548251970within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev991.7389561110211261.7389561110211260within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n25250exact matchAgree
Mean mean0.4769440.476944000000000035.55e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd0.63418494744566960.63418494744566960within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median0.21990.21990within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.00010.00010within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max2.16042.16040within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv1.32968429720401061.32968429720401042.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.59529551581152121.5952955158115212.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT0.69394713238661960.69394713238661316.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH44.2021865049996244.198605933694070.00358within 0.02 relativeAgree

Gamma detects at forty-nine results, still the adjusted limit

Boundary case

Input

49 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.706yes0.706
0.706yes0.706
0.706yes0.706
0.706yes0.706
0.706yes0.706
0.843no
0.969no
1.051no
1.101no
1.125no
1.135no
1.157no
1.216no
1.217no
1.231no
1.364no
1.459no
1.48no
1.506no
1.513no
1.677no
1.718no
1.752no
1.847no
1.936no
2.003no
2.097no
2.128no
2.164no
2.376no
2.382no
2.562no
2.639no
2.71no
2.734no
2.741no
2.919no
2.947no
2.976no
3.106no
3.344no
3.846no
4.023no
4.053no
4.192no
4.55no
6.014no
6.109no
8.429no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n49490exact matchAgree
Mean mean2.32389795918367442.3238979591836754.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.55732246991493661.55732246991493682.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.225046685145887880.22504668514588788.33e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev953.30485371731341543.30485371731341540within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodadjustedGammaadjustedGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma2.7692.7686423961342680.000358within 0.005 relativeAgree

Gamma-distributed detects, shape at or below one, fourteen results

Boundary case

Input

14 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.662yes0.662
0.662yes0.662
0.662yes0.662
1.509no
1.539no
3.034no
4.777no
4.965no
6.17no
14.868no
28.802no
29.645no
61.441no
367.352no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n14140exact matchAgree
Mean mean37.5777142857142737.5777142857142657.11e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd92.960609103632592.96060910363250within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError26.0574123391985126.0574123391985143.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev95151.1593414024503151.15934140245030within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodchebyshev99chebyshev99-exact matchAgree

Land's H off a tabulated sample size - where ProUCL's own interpolation goes the wrong way

Boundary case

Input

30 values

value
7.3191
15.5826
2.4015
17.7837
6.0233
4.0151
21.5596
2.7121
10.7429
11.2159
2.6572
21.2828
4.1769
5.7563
18.277
2.4135
15.0507
7.6654
3.3248
22.3758
3.1006
8.4966
13.8656
2.4574
19.3195
5.2095
4.5781
20.5415
2.5544
12.3165

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n30300exact matchAgree
Mean mean9.8258633333333349.8258633333333340within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd6.9898115889206356.9898115889206350within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.54412485730137860.54412485730137851.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT11.9942197616374111.9942198522263889.06e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT12.01534937404510512.0153494646340839.06e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt11.9249583574635311.9249583562063141.26e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH14.19395060731141614.1939506073114160within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma12.54110109209363212.5411026946828771.60e-6within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma12.72042140008629712.720423438150732.04e-6within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodapproximateGammaapproximateGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9515.3885121475931215.388512147593120within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97517.79547473309379817.7954747330937980within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9922.52348665269551722.5234866526955170within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n30300exact matchAgree
Mean mean9.8258633333333349.8258633333333340within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd6.9898115889206346.9898115889206351.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median7.492257.492250within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min2.40152.40150within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max22.375822.37580within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.71136869624558520.71136869624558531.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.54412485730137860.54412485730137851.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT11.99421985222658411.9942198522263881.95e-13within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH14.1279012393007214.1939506073114160.066within 0.02 relativeAgree

Lognormal data, wide spread and a small sample - Chebyshev instead of Land's H

Boundary case

Input

15 values

value
6.5469
36.3492
0.5226
49.0528
4.208
1.6769
75.919
0.6886
15.6351
17.2405
0.6574
73.7259
1.8342
3.7966
52.1943

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean22.66986666666666722.6698666666666670within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd27.4721635981293127.4721635981293063.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.04373894448996981.04373894448996962.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT35.1633365796684335.1633363957408561.84e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT35.4819339911880735.481933807260491.84e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt34.3372775286062534.337277521618276.99e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH278.434989781978278.43498978197782.27e-13within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma47.2353945070459647.239640099265530.00425within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma51.96886538552977451.9764214845603550.00756within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodapproximateGammaapproximateGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9553.58876669290220553.588766692902217.11e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97566.9673994329753366.967399432975330within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9993.247132838088493.247132838088391.42e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean22.66986666666666722.6698666666666670within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd27.47216359812930627.4721635981293060within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median6.54696.54690within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.52260.52260within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max75.91975.9190within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv1.21183613481608351.21183613481608350within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.04373894448996961.04373894448996960within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT35.1633363957409435.1633363957408568.53e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH278.4794208366666278.43498978197780.0444within 0.02 relativeAgree

n = 37, sitting on a Shapiro-Wilk critical value that does not follow the trend of its neighbours

Boundary case

Input

37 values

value
1
8.876556
31.836986
78.793242
159.131264
282.602786
459.260216
699.412611
1013.593705
1412.537545
1907.159248
2508.539391
3227.911059
4076.648926
5066.259907
6208.375056
7514.742477
8997.221059
10667.774898
12538.468301
14621.461277
16929.005442
19473.440299
22267.189822
25322.759323
28652.732556
32269.76904
36186.601575
40416.033921
44970.938645
49864.255087
55108.98747
60718.203112
66705.030746
73082.658933
79864.334561
87063.361427

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n37370exact matchAgree
Mean mean22172.34887754054622172.3488775405423.64e-12within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd25888.2108677835225888.210867783520within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness1.13814514460703941.1381451446070394.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT29357.7362274927229357.736604407530.000377within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT29490.4593874104329490.4597643252420.000377within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt29172.83876261492329172.8387584221134.19e-6within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH1783478.54962221111783478.54962221110within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma35981.0642384385935981.336026306330.272within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma36763.1336297348536763.4643078470760.331within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodadjustedGammaadjustedGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9540723.8038192160840723.803819216080within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97548751.0331918034948751.033191803490within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9964518.9709169657964518.970916965790within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Neither normal, gamma nor lognormal - a distribution-free limit

Boundary case

Input

15 values

value
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.1
1.4
2
3.5
9
28
140
0.55
0.7
1.2
2.6
55

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean16.4633333333333316.463333333333330within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd37.2769962896818237.276996289681820within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness3.0316204140873123.03162041408731184.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT33.41573061826835633.415730368696912.50e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT34.6713939841312134.671393734559762.50e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt32.2948505655738632.294850556091879.48e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH100.35081128104522100.350811281045220within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma40.85426582858857440.8673976657558740.0131within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma46.05500235973628546.0791921513675650.0242within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodchebyshev99chebyshev99-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9558.4172084783367758.417208478336770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97576.5706837672976.570683767290within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev99112.2296707683333112.22967076833330within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean16.4633333333333316.463333333333330within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd37.2769962896818237.276996289681820within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median1.41.40within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.50.50within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max1401400within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv2.2642435486747412.2642435486747410within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness3.0316204140873123.03162041408731184.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT33.41573036869703433.415730368696911.21e-13within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH100.3635909918477100.350811281045220.0128within 0.02 relativeAgree

Nine results - one below the size at which ProUCL will recommend a UCL

Boundary case

Input

9 values

value
4.2
5.1
6.3
7.8
9.1
11.4
3.3
8.8
12.1

Settings: confidenceLevel = 0.95

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n990exact matchAgree
Mean mean7.5666666666666667.5666666666666660within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd3.09030742807248873.09030742807248870within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median7.87.80within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min3.33.30within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max12.112.10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.40841067331354480.40841067331354480within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.12043228174914780.12043228174914780within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT9.4821917044131179.4821917044131247.11e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH10.90915105245774610.878082443083140.0311within 0.02 relativeAgree

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n990exact matchAgree
Mean mean7.5666666666666677.5666666666666668.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd3.09030742807248873.09030742807248870within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.120432281749147820.12043228174914781.39e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT9.482191696652349.4821917044131247.76e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT9.4890837850758429.4890837928366267.76e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt9.2610344615015139.2610344604867031.01e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH10.8780824430831410.878082443083140within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma10.12034470048361510.1203483845080433.68e-6within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma10.7811880573045110.7811963033295858.25e-6within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9512.0567792611470212.056779261147020within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97513.99965456758279513.9996545675827950within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9917.81605689243131317.8160568924313130within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Normal data - ProUCL recommends Student's t

Boundary case

Input

15 values

value
9.8
10.4
11.2
9.1
10.8
12
8.7
10.1
11.6
9.5
10.9
10.3
10
9.9
10.6

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean10.32666666666666410.3266666666666640within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd0.89719138479612080.89719138479612080within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.085153347331414690.085153347331414722.78e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT10.73468089285298510.7346808868462426.01e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT10.73552976895978610.7355297629530446.01e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt10.70770329200627610.707703291778062.28e-10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma10.75219818770889410.7521981874779582.31e-10within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma10.805917597064710.8059175973264862.62e-10within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9511.3364222555129711.336422255512970within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97511.7733443054225111.773344305422510within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9912.63159306772282712.6315930677228251.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean10.32666666666666610.3266666666666641.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd0.89719138479612070.89719138479612081.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median10.310.30within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min8.78.70within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max12120within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.086881024996396450.086881024996396482.78e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.085153347331407890.085153347331414726.83e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT10.73468088684624510.7346808868462423.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Not normal and fewer than ten results - no recommendation at all

Boundary case

Input

9 values

value
0.4
0.6
1.1
2.8
14
52
0.5
0.9
7

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n990exact matchAgree
Mean mean8.8111111111111128.8111111111111120within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd16.8111157009614116.811115700961410within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness2.6317337643622072.63173376436220654.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT19.23147013903543419.231470181253694.22e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT20.0507734873098720.0507735295281334.22e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt18.0283859945740318.028385989053525.52e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH180.80889731182043180.808897311820430within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma28.3335007015136428.3746087463260820.0411within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma37.26477208301603437.389103499417010.124within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9533.23709593399800633.2370959339980060within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97543.80623907889372543.8062390788937250within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9964.567274198452664.56727419845260within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n990exact matchAgree
Mean mean8.8111111111111128.8111111111111120within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd16.81111570096140516.811115700961413.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median1.11.10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.40.40within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max52520within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv1.9079450354180661.90794503541806654.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness2.63173376436220652.63173376436220650within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT19.23147018125365519.231470181253693.55e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH180.44409479242998180.808897311820430.365within 0.02 relativeAgree

Robust ROS at seventy-five per cent censoring, two reporting limits

Boundary case

Input

12 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.2yes0.2
0.2yes0.2
0.5yes0.5
0.2yes0.2
1.4no
0.5yes0.5
0.2yes0.2
2.8no
0.5yes0.5
0.2yes0.2
0.5yes0.5
3.9no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = robustRos

Against R NADA (NADA 1.6.1.2, R 4.6.1)

ValueR NADAEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n12120exact matchAgree
Detected results nDetected330exact matchAgree
Non-detects nCensored990exact matchAgree
Mean mean0.8996336423989520.89963364239895243.33e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.22358881425363131.2235888142536312.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median0.365914681284188250.36591468128418874.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.068903836844336580.068903836844336711.25e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max3.93.90within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv1.36009677338302341.36009677338302258.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.353219665643374540.35321966564337455.55e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 1 ros.fitted.00.068903836844336580.068903836844336711.25e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 2 ros.fitted.10.142777398561031920.142777398561032162.50e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 3 ros.fitted.20.082033306252466990.082033306252467171.80e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 4 ros.fitted.30.246193789020233340.246193789020233733.89e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 6 ros.fitted.50.17966321120059370.1796632112005943.05e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 7 ros.fitted.60.401006841972622540.4010068419726234.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 9 ros.fitted.80.33082252059575390.330822520595754344.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 10 ros.fitted.90.65317036611203870.65317036611203935.55e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 11 ros.fitted.100.59103243822834750.59103243822834815.55e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Robust ROS with detected results below the reporting limit

Boundary case

Input

12 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.3no
2.4no
1yes1
3.1no
1yes1
4.7no
1yes1
0.7no
5.9no
3.3no
1yes1
2no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = robustRos

Against R NADA (NADA 1.6.1.2, R 4.6.1)

ValueR NADAEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n12120exact matchAgree
Detected results nDetected880exact matchAgree
Non-detects nCensored440exact matchAgree
Mean mean2.05594088145674772.05594088145674770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.87210649971400421.87210649971400420within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median1.4598715832811151.4598715832811150within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.25470948788330230.25470948788330230within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max5.95.90within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.91058381911619620.91058381911619620within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.54043059578076420.54043059578076420within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 3 ros.fitted.20.25470948788330230.25470948788330230within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 5 ros.fitted.40.44119495495349580.441194954953495755.55e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 7 ros.fitted.60.65564296808194290.65564296808194281.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Fitted non-detect, result 11 ros.fitted.100.91974316656223030.91974316656223021.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Seven results, two detected, below the recommendation floor

Boundary case

Input

7 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
3.4no
6.1no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n770exact matchAgree
Mean mean1.7142857142857141.71428571428571372.22e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd2.05108234245000582.05108234245000580within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError1.09634962821566641.09634962821566640within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev956.4931629504661896.4931629504661890within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree

Seventy-five per cent non-detects across two reporting limits

Boundary case

Input

12 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.2yes0.2
0.2yes0.2
0.5yes0.5
0.2yes0.2
1.4no
0.5yes0.5
0.2yes0.2
2.8no
0.5yes0.5
0.2yes0.2
0.5yes0.5
3.9no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n12120exact matchAgree
Mean mean0.82500000000000020.82500000000000020within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd1.19730600377124441.19730600377124440within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.42331159721100630.42331159721100630within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev952.670172473871572.67017247387156954.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT1.58521886916355471.58521887101260381.85e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Strongly right-skewed data - the regime where the recommended method changes

Boundary case

Input

15 values

value
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.9
2.4
3.1
4.6
8.2
19.7
41.5
0.9
1.2
2
2.8

Settings: confidenceLevel = 0.95

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean6.2066666666666676.2066666666666670within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd10.88927825672486610.8892782567248681.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median220within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min0.80.80within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max41.541.50within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv1.75444869872044021.75444869872044064.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness2.8954104730523492.8954104730523490within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT11.15876546244999911.1587654624499633.55e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH13.15100252615467513.147145614591680.00386within 0.02 relativeAgree

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean6.2066666666666676.2066666666666670within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd10.8892782567248710.8892782567248681.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness2.89541047305234842.8954104730523494.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT11.15876553535425211.1587654624499637.29e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT11.50908698322650311.5090869103222127.29e-8within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt10.83133639671463510.8313363939447742.77e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH13.1471456145916813.147145614591680within 0.02 relativeAgree
95% UCL - approximateGamma ucl.approximateGamma11.58770947680981111.588106573324310.000397within 0.005 relativeAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma12.55931215749298812.5600042821403830.000692within 0.005 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodchebyshev95chebyshev95-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9518.46214500112383718.4621450011238370within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97523.76510026639845623.7651002663984560within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9934.1817290309530734.181729030953070within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Ten identical results - zero variance

Boundary case

Input

10 values

value
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

Settings: confidenceLevel = 0.95

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n10100exact matchAgree
Mean mean770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd000within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev95770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev975770within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev99770within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Not run for this scenario

  • R EnvStats / nortest - EnvStats cannot fit a sample with no variation at all

The same shape, one result later, where the gamma limit is used

Boundary case

Input

15 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.601yes0.601
0.601yes0.601
0.601yes0.601
1.333no
1.379no
2.636no
4.071no
4.134no
4.989no
11.564no
19.419no
21.815no
35.069no
126.643no
191.472no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n15150exact matchAgree
Mean mean28.42179999999999828.4217999999999943.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd53.4601483315063953.46014833150641.42e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError14.41712986094645514.4171298609464561.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9591.2646121197681791.264612119768170within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedgammagamma-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodadjustedGammaadjustedGamma-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - adjustedGamma ucl.adjustedGamma94.8494.965959839310.126within 0.005 relativeAgree

The same spread at twenty-eight results, where Land’s H returns

Boundary case

Input

28 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.753yes0.753
0.753yes0.753
0.753yes0.753
0.753yes0.753
0.753yes0.753
0.753yes0.753
0.988no
0.996no
1.425no
2.199no
2.957no
3.019no
3.198no
3.456no
5.694no
6.018no
9.552no
11.262no
13.459no
13.777no
15.702no
23.121no
31.904no
38.764no
109.582no
137.593no
192.561no
325.07no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n28280exact matchAgree
Mean mean34.1719642857142834.171964285714271.42e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd71.9636857456999971.963685745699990within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError13.91989873183857913.9198987318385833.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9594.847396162118694.84739616211860within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedlognormallognormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodlandsHlandsH-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH120.34545944451052120.345459444510520within 0.02 relativeAgree

Three results - the documented minimum

Boundary case

Input

3 values

value
2.5
6.1
9.8

Settings: confidenceLevel = 0.95

Against R EnvStats / nortest (EnvStats 3.1.0, nortest 1.0-4, R 4.6.1)

ValueR EnvStats / nortestEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n330exact matchAgree
Mean mean6.1333333333333346.1333333333333338.88e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd3.65011415346607173.65011415346607170within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Median median6.16.10within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Minimum min2.52.50within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Maximum max9.89.80within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Coefficient of variation cv0.59512730763033770.59512730763033781.11e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.0410911780596060340.041091178059608452.41e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT12.28689456155505912.286894561555071.07e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH567.7273934409031567.60969268892930.118within 0.02 relativeAgree

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n330exact matchAgree
Mean mean6.1333333333333336.1333333333333330within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd3.6501141534660723.65011415346607174.44e-16within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Skewness skewness0.0410911780596084350.041091178059608451.39e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT12.28689446026730712.286894561555071.01e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Modified t (Johnson) ucl.modifiedT12.29522709863497112.2952271999227331.01e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Central limit theorem ucl.clt9.5996886396991039.5996886376229972.08e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH567.6096926889293567.60969268892930within 0.02 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednormalnormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9515.31925250950242115.3192525095024275.33e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 97.5% ucl.chebyshev97519.2940070749520819.2940070749520843.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 99% ucl.chebyshev9927.10164275493429627.10164275493433.55e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Widely spread lognormal detects at twenty-seven results

Boundary case

Input

27 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.609yes0.609
0.609yes0.609
0.609yes0.609
0.609yes0.609
0.609yes0.609
0.973no
1.24no
1.321no
1.362no
2.65no
2.996no
4.017no
4.197no
5.46no
6.71no
7.165no
9.233no
9.423no
18.777no
18.793no
21.021no
40.512no
47.919no
58.083no
70.03no
144.069no
255.098no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n27270exact matchAgree
Mean mean27.1886666666666527.1886666666666381.07e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd54.2943470851929854.294347085192980within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError10.69484330395873610.6948433039587341.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9573.806407845625473.806407845625391.42e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedlognormallognormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT45.4299837448713245.4299830549152266.90e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Benzo(a)pyrene, five-analyte SME cross-check (was Land's H mismatch before the KM H-UCL fix)

regression

Input

56 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
46no
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
85no
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.05yes0.05
5.3no
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
61no
13no
0.5yes0.5
0.9no
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
34no
38no
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
2.8no
0.5yes0.5
5.9no
0.5yes0.5
40no
5.9no
0.6no
3no
15no
40no
0.5yes0.5
3.5no
0.5yes0.5
2.1no
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
0.5yes0.5
3.6no
8no
7.6no
6.9no
5.9no
5.5no
7.3no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n56560exact matchAgree
Mean mean8.0062500000000078.0062500000000070within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd16.9555802616403816.955580261640380within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError2.3125068452638732.3125068452638730within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9518.08623364475127518.0862336447512750within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedlognormallognormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodlandsHlandsH-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH111.77107808175877111.771078081758879.95e-14within 0.02 relativeAgree

Copper, five-analyte SME cross-check (matches ProUCL)

regression

Input

56 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
5.5no
5yes5
35no
5yes5
5yes5
5yes5
24no
5yes5
5yes5
5yes5
6.2no
5yes5
29no
5yes5
7.8no
5yes5
5yes5
1yes1
5yes5
5yes5
13no
16no
16no
14no
23no
8.3no
20no
5yes5
5yes5
5yes5
5.1no
9.3no
6.1no
5yes5
8no
5yes5
32no
5yes5
5yes5
12no
5yes5
5yes5
5yes5
16no
5yes5
30no
11no
80no
5.9no
22no
22no
21no
21no
19no
670no
33no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n56560exact matchAgree
Mean mean22.6107142857143222.6107142857143277.11e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd88.371704178938588.371704178938491.42e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError12.00437175038901612.0043717503890141.78e-15within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev9574.9365576263544974.936557626354490within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT42.69443523423823542.6944359560861957.22e-7within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Lead, five-analyte SME cross-check (was Land's H mismatch before the KM H-UCL fix)

regression

Input

56 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
5yes5
5yes5
33no
15no
5yes5
5yes5
16no
5yes5
5yes5
5yes5
13no
5yes5
23no
5yes5
79no
5yes5
5yes5
2no
5yes5
5yes5
44no
5.6no
120no
150no
21no
6.9no
21no
5yes5
5yes5
5yes5
12no
33no
30no
5yes5
11no
13no
200no
5yes5
19no
16no
5yes5
12no
8no
190no
5yes5
120no
56no
93no
5yes5
80no
70no
110no
95no
100no
7300no
79no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n56560exact matchAgree
Mean mean164.97321428571462164.973214285714620within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd963.3320886550638963.33208865506391.14e-13within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError130.61004438959063130.610044389590662.84e-14within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev95734.2891987913015734.28919879130150within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsedlognormallognormal-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodlandsHlandsH-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Land's H ucl.landsH154.7788054359823154.77880543598241.14e-13within 0.02 relativeAgree

Mercury, five-analyte SME cross-check (matches ProUCL)

regression

Input

56 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
0.21no
0.05yes0.05
0.07no
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.06no
0.09no
0.05yes0.05
0.06no
0.05yes0.05
0.14no
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.1yes0.1
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.1no
0.05yes0.05
0.08no
0.05no
0.2no
0.6no
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.07no
0.06no
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.11no
0.12no
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.05yes0.05
0.15no
0.24no
3.9no
0.05yes0.05
0.25no
0.14no
0.1no
0.05yes0.05
0.1yes0.1
0.1yes0.1
0.12no
0.12no
0.1no
0.43no
0.12no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n56560exact matchAgree
Mean mean0.16432142857142870.164321428571428788.33e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd0.51273988785937210.51273988785937210within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError0.069875339799450790.069875339799450790within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev950.468900973402800240.46890097340280035.55e-17within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT0.281225241190358970.28122524539210924.20e-9within 0.000001 relativeAgree

TRH fraction, five-analyte SME cross-check (matches ProUCL)

regression

Input

56 values

valuenon-detectreporting limit
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
2500no
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
4800no
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
130no
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100no
100yes100
480no
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
980no
280no
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
190no
100yes100
400no
180no
100yes100
260no
720no
840no
100yes100
160no
100yes100
1400no
100yes100
100yes100
100yes100
110no
160no
290no
280no
250no
280no
380no

Settings: nonDetectMethod = kaplanMeier

Against USEPA ProUCL (ProUCL 5.2.0)

ValueUSEPA ProUCLEnviroAutomateDifferenceAgreement bandVerdict
Sample size (n) n56560exact matchAgree
Mean mean331.6071428571432331.60714285714331.14e-13within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard deviation sd716.6309490189758716.63094901897580within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Standard error of the mean standardError98.0174138354167298.017413835416720within 0.000001 relativeAgree
95% UCL - Chebyshev, 95% ucl.chebyshev95758.85514447293758.85514447293011.14e-13within 0.000001 relativeAgree
Distribution used distributionUsednonparametricnonparametric-exact matchAgree
Recommended method recommendedMethodstudentTstudentT-exact matchAgree
95% UCL - Student's t ucl.studentT495.59359949971616495.593605393708235.89e-6within 0.000001 relativeAgree

Evidence generated 2026-08-26 from a full comparison run against the versions named above.